{"id":494,"date":"2019-12-09T10:06:30","date_gmt":"2019-12-09T15:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/?p=494"},"modified":"2021-06-15T00:01:15","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T04:01:15","slug":"cancel-or-terminate-%e8%a7%a3%e9%99%a4-kaijo-and-%e8%a7%a3%e7%b4%84-kaiyaku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/?p=494","title":{"rendered":"Cancel or Terminate? \u89e3\u9664 (kaijo) and \u89e3\u7d04 (kaiyaku)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u89e3\u9664 (<em>kaijo<\/em>) is usually translated as &#8220;cancellation&#8221; and refers to the <em>retrospective<\/em> termination of a contract, while\u00a0\u89e3\u7d04 (<em>kaiyaku<\/em>) is usually translated as &#8220;termination&#8221; and refers to the <em>prospective<\/em> termination of a contract. A cancelled contract is treated as if it never existed in the first place, while a\u00a0terminated contract is treated as if it does not exist from the time of termination forward.<\/p>\n<p>Cancellation is appropriate when the goal is to completely unwind the transaction and restore the parties to their original condition: for example, &#8220;cancelling&#8221; a purchase and sale to return both the object and the purchase price to their original owners. Termination, on the other hand, is appropriate for a contract with ongoing rights and obligations when the parties wish to stop further transactions without unwinding their existing transactions, such as terminating an ongoing partnership, lease, or service agreement.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, these terms are not used consistently in practice in Japan. One glaring example is Article 620 of the Japanese Civil Code:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<div class=\"ParagraphSentence\"><span class=\"ArticleTitle\">\u7b2c\u516d\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u6761\u3000<\/span>\u8cc3\u8cb8\u501f\u306e\u89e3\u9664\u3092\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u89e3\u9664\u306f\u3001\u5c06\u6765\u306b\u5411\u304b\u3063\u3066\u306e\u307f\u305d\u306e\u52b9\u529b\u3092\u751f\u305a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5f53\u4e8b\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u306b\u904e\u5931\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u640d\u5bb3\u8ce0\u511f\u306e\u8acb\u6c42\u3092\u59a8\u3052\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"ParagraphSentence\"><span class=\"ArticleTitle\">Article 620\u3000<\/span>In cases where a lease is cancelled, the cancellation shall be effective solely toward the future. In such cases, if one of the parties is negligent, claims for damages against that party shall not be precluded.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>Note that in the United States, it is common to use the word &#8220;termination&#8221; to refer to both prospective and retrospective contract termination.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u89e3\u9664 (kaijo) is usually translated as &#8220;cancellation&#8221; and refers to the retrospective termination of a contract, while\u00a0\u89e3\u7d04 (kaiyaku) is usually&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legal-japanese"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=494"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2149,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/494\/revisions\/2149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/djjon.es\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}